Marcel Duchamp

Marcel Duchamp (French, 1887–1968) was a pivotal figure in the development of 20th-century art, particularly known for his influence on the Dada and Surrealist movements. Born in Blainville-Crevon, France, Duchamp challenged conventional aesthetics and the role of the artist with his concept of the "readymade," exemplified by works such as "Fountain" (1917). His innovative approach questioned the very nature of art, paving the way for future avant-garde movements. Duchamp's career was marked by his participation in the Armory Show of 1913, where his painting "Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2" caused a sensation. Later in life, he largely withdrew from the art world to focus on chess, yet his legacy continued to influence generations of artists. Duchamp's work remains a cornerstone of modern art discourse, underscoring the importance of conceptual over visual representation.